TMD

TMD (temporomandibular disorders) is a group of conditions associated with the jaw muscles and the temporomandibular joint. the temporomandibular joint is located near the ear where the upper and lower jaw meet.

TMD is grouped into groups: jaw pain, degenerative joint disease or an internal joint injury. TMD can cause referring pain into parts of the neck, the side of the head, ear problems, and migraines. TMD is prevalent in 16-50% of the population. Most patients who present with symptoms are between 20 and 50 years old.

Risk Factors for TMD include:

  • Bruxism (grinding of the teeth)
  • Malocclusion (under/over bite)
  • Poor posture and ergonomics
  • Tension headaches
  • High stress levels

Symptoms may include:

  • Clicking, popping and/or bruxism
  • Pain and/or jaw locking with opening/closing the mouth
  • Difficulty chewing
  • Aching facial pain
  • Neck and/or head pain, headaches (tension, migraine-like, sinus)
  • Ear pain and/or tinnitus (ringing in the ear)
  • Nausea or vertigo (dizziness)

How Can Physical Therapy Help?

  • Stretching of tight structures in the head and neck
  • Manual therapy of facial muscles (incl. masseter and pterygoid)
  • Improving awareness and coordination of jaw muscles
  • Postural re-education
  • Ergonomics Assessment

Tips for Home

  • Stress management
  • Eat softer foods
  • Rest the tongue on the roof of the mouth between activities
  • Night guard with referral from your dentist