Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a chronic and complex condition that occurs when tissue similar to the endometrium, the lining of the uterus, grows outside of the uterine cavity. This tissue, which responds to hormonal cycles by thickening and bleeding, can be found on organs within the pelvis and abdomen, such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the lining of the pelvis (peritoneum).

Symptoms

Endometriosis symptoms can vary widely in intensity, and the severity of pain is not always correlated with the extent of the disease.

  • Severe and debilitating menstrual cramps
  • Pain often starts before and extends after the menstrual period
  • Chronic pelvic pain
  • Outside of menstruation
  • Often in the lower abdomen or back
  • Pain during or after sexual intercourse
  • (Dyspareunia)
  • Painful bowel movements or urination, especially during menstruation
  • Heavy bleeding
  • during periods, or spotting (light bleeding) between cycles
  • Digestive issues
  • Severe bloating, diarrhea, or constipation, often confused with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
  • Infertility or difficulty conceiving
  • Endo can interfere with reproductive processes
  • Chronic fatigue

Diagnosis

  • Patient’s history of symptoms and medical history
  • Pelvic Exam
  • A physical examination to check for cysts, nodules, or tender spots
  • Imaging Tests
  • Ultrasound or MRI to identify cysts (endometriomas) on the ovaries or deep nodules (not definitive)
  • Laparoscopy (Surgical Confirmation)
  • This is currently the only definitive way to diagnose endometriosis.
  • A surgeon uses a small camera (laparoscope) inserted through a small incision in the abdomen to visualize, confirm, and often excise (remove) the endometrial-like tissue and adhesions.

Hot Tips

  • Heat Therapy
  • Use a heating pad or take a warm bath to promote relaxation and alleviate cramping
  • Mindfulness and Relaxation
  • Meditation
  • Deep diaphragmatic breathing
  • Mindfulness
  • Useful to manage the cognitive and emotional aspects of chronic pain
  • Anti-Inflammatory Diet
  • Focus on a diet rich in whole foods, vegetables, fruits, and omega-3 fatty acids to help lower systemic inflammation.
  • Gentle Movement and Stretching (Yoga Poses)
  • Child’s Pose (Balasana): Helps calm the nervous system and stretch the back and hips
  • Deep Squat Pose (Malasana): Promotes pelvic floor relaxation and improves circulation
  • Legs Up The Wall (Viparita Karani): Can help alleviate leg soreness and cramping by encouraging blood flow

Endometriosis affects approximately 1 in 10 females worldwide. This growth leads to inflammation, scarring, and the formation of adhesions. Managing the condition requires a holistic and multidisciplinary approach, often combining medical treatment with targeted physical therapy and lifestyle changes.

The Essential Role of Pelvic Health Physical Therapy

For many individuals living with endometriosis, pain and inflammation cause the muscles surrounding the pelvis, abdomen, and hips—including the pelvic floor muscles—to tighten up and become dysfunctional (hypertonic). This muscular tension often contributes significantly to chronic pain, pain during sex, and bowel/bladder dysfunction.

  • Targeted Manual Therapy
  • Myofascial Release & Visceral Manipulation
  • Reduce muscle tightness
  • Address scar tissue
  • Improve the mobility of internal organs and surrounding connective tissues
  • Pelvic Floor Muscle Retraining
  • A physical examination to check for cysts, nodules, or tender spots
  • Personalized Home Exercise Programs
  • Teach individualized stretching and strengthening exercises
  • Teach relaxation techniques like belly breathing
  • Empower patients with tools for self-management
  • Improve Quality of Life
  • By restoring muscle flexibility, reducing pain, and improving bowel, bladder, and sexual function, PHPT helps patients take back control over their bodies and their daily lives.

More Information on Endometriosis

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