October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month

In the United States, breast cancer is often associated with women, but it’s crucial to recognize that men can also be affected, albeit rarely. According to the American Cancer Society, women face a 1 in 8 chance of developing breast cancer during their lifetime. In 2020, an estimated 276,480 new cases of invasive breast cancer were diagnosed in women. While male breast cancer is rare (less than 1%), it’s important to understand that men can be affected.

Symptoms and Early Detection

The key to effective treatment lies in early detection. For men, breast cancer is often detected as a hard lump beneath the nipple and areola. Other symptoms may include swelling, skin changes, pain, nipple retraction, and discharge. If you notice any new breast mass or changes, consulting a healthcare professional is crucial for prompt evaluation.

Surgical Options for Breast Cancer

When it comes to treating breast cancer, surgical interventions play a significant role. The choice of surgery depends on the extent of the cancer and individual circumstances.

• Breast-Conserving Surgery: This includes procedures like lumpectomy or partial mastectomy, preserving as much breast tissue as possible.
• Mastectomy Options:
  • Simple (or Total) Mastectomy: Removal of the entire breast.
  • Skin-Sparing Mastectomy: Preserving most of the skin, removing only breast tissue, nipple, and areola.
  • Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: Preserving the nipple and areola, often followed by breast reconstruction.
  • Modified Radical Mastectomy: Combining a simple mastectomy with removal of lymph nodes.
  • Radical Mastectomy: Rarely performed now, removing the entire breast, underarm lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles.
• Double Mastectomy: Recommended for women at high risk, often involving removal of both breasts.

Breast Reconstruction Options

Post-surgery, breast reconstruction is a consideration.

Options include:

• implants
• fat grafting
• breast reduction
• breast lift
• revision of scars
• tissue flaps

The Role of Physical Therapy

After surgery, individuals may experience a loss of strength and mobility. Physical therapy is instrumental in reducing pain, improving mobility, and minimizing adhesions. Lymph drainage therapy can help manage swelling resulting from lymph node removal or radiation therapy.

In the fight against breast cancer, awareness, early detection, and comprehensive post-surgery care, including physical therapy, are essential components. For men and women alike, understanding the available options can make a significant impact on the journey to recovery.